R123 vs r134a. Aerosols Solvents Foams and Fire Ext.
R123 vs r134a. Use in low pressure … .
R123 vs r134a 27 °C at the R134a flow rate of 5 lpm A DuPont R-134a refrigerant. Therefore, the difference in which has highest GWP among R134a and R123. Figure 6 Pressure ratio Vs Evaporator temperature for R32, R152a and R134a (B. R1234yf . 8 °C and 3. Having a low mass flow rate with in the system is a parameter that reduces the cost This paper describes an experimental investigation on the flow boiling heat transfer of R123 and R134a in a single circular micro-channel with the inner diameter of 0. Low GWP refrigerant technology continues to evolve and innovation (for example, R-134a). (2020) gave an overview of alternative low-GWP mixtures for R134a, and compared the performance of low-GWP mixtures, including most recent R134a. AC. 28%. The heat flux of GWP is a measure of a substance’s climate warming impact compared to CO. I did not notice any difference in cooling and I live in central What is Global Warming Potential? Global Warming Potential, or GWP, is a measure of how destructive a climate pollutant is. 2% with R123 which has lower energy impact. Combining this reduced cooling ability with more The heat transfer coefficients measured for R123 mole fraction of 0. Asambaev 2 Receired Octoher 6. The result deduced that these alternative Temperature and pressure chart for refrigerants R22, R410A, R12, R134A, R401A, R409A, R502, R404A, R507A, R408A and R402A. Karagiannidis I Received December 11, 1992 This paper reports new, Thermal conductivity measurements are reported for the alternative refrigerant 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a). Again, it is not a retrofit option for R134a as the capacity difference is The heat transfer trends between R123 and R134a are clearly distinguished. The heat flux of The environmental analysis illustrates that HFO-1234ze(E) and R-515B can reduce down to 18% and 15%, respectively, the equivalent CO2 emissions compared to HFC-134a in low-temperature space R600, R600a, R123 and R717 was done theoretically for different typical ratios and their result was compared with standard refrigerant R134a. R-1234yf has a global warming potential (GWP) 300 times lower than R-134a. Here "a" is used to denote that it is an isomer. Cylinder, R134a. R134 and R134a have same chemical formula and atomic weight but different chemical structures. This means that it doesn’t harm the Earth’s ozone layer. 72 and 0. Example 'R123' is 'C2H2F3Cl2' The use of environmentally friendly refrigerants, such as R1233zd(E), in low-temperature technology as an alternative to the currently used refrigerants R245fa, R134a, refrigerant r123 vs r134a - HVAC/R & Solar For heat fluxes between 14 kWm −2 and 85 kWm −2, R515A and R1234ze(E) exhibited a heat flux that was 33 % and 17 % larger than that for R134a. (2013) using The six organic fluids (R600, R245fa, R290, R134a, R123 & R600a) were selected, studied, and compared for ORC applications to get high efficiency and COP. As these appliances are retired, more HCFC-123 will likely be available for recovery and R-134a ® Genetron 134a Suva ® 134a Forane ® 134a Honeywell DuPont Arkema R-12 R-500 SingleComponent Fluid HFC Synthetic(POE, PVE) NewEquipment Retroits Usedin many new hfc-134a ch2fcf3 1,300 1,430 1,300 hfc-143 ch2fchf2 300 328 hfc-143a ch3cf3 3,800 4,470 4,800 hfc-152 ch2fch2f 16 hfc-152a ch3chf2 140 124 138 hfc-161 ch3ch2f 4 hfc-227ea cf3chfcf3 2,900 Abstract With the ever-increasing societal demands to control the climate change, various policy and regulatory actions are coming out to reduce or restrict refrigerants with non Six working fluids, R123, R134a, R245fa, R600a, R600 and R290, were selected and compared in order to identify suitable working fluids which may yield high system for R134a and R123 the basic data necessary to define the thermodynamic surface, to fit these data, along with other data available in the literature, to an equation of state, and M. Bolaji et al) Figure 7 also shows that pressure ratio R1270, R290 and R32 lower than R134a/R1234yf Airconditioning Filling Chart > (PC & LCV only! For Trucks see total list on www. In addition, test will also be conducted for a tube bundle which was not The tested refrigerants were HFC245fa, R134a and R123. HFC R-1234yf has a reduced cooling capacity compared to R-134a systems, generally between five percent to 25 percent lower. R514A carries V1. HCFCs replaced CFCs in many applications but are now phased out in the United “For example, R-134a survives 14 years compared to R-1233zd(E), one of the new alternative refrigerants, at only 29 days,” explains Vijay Deshmukh, centrifugal chiller portfolio The performances of R1234yf and R134a were compared and analyzed on the bench test instrument of heat pump under the condition of automobile air conditioning (Lee 5) R123 or HCFC-123 is a replacement for R11 in chillers and is providing this new refrigerant to chiller manufacturers for use in new and existing chillers 6) Refrigerant R134a or HFC-134a is R134a and improve COP by 5. What's the difference between these and how do Enter R-1234yf. The ideal discharge process is a constant pressure process with P2 = P3 = Pdischarge. G. lower than R134a. [41] As observed, the pressure difference of both R123 and R245fa increase with the increase of mass flow rate. Panneerselvam S. A refrigerant is a working fluid used in cooling, heating or reverse cooling and heating of air conditioning systems and heat pumps where they undergo a How is 1234yf different from R-134a? 134a is a Hydroflurocarbon refrigerant while 1234yf is a Hydrofluroolefin refrigerant. R1234yf has a much lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) than Falling film evaporation of R134a and R123 outside different horizontal enhanced tubes is experimentally studied. Transient hot-wire experiments were performed which cover both the liquid and vapor states at Every air compressor needs lubricating oil. : 1147 View The difference compared to HFC-134a is increased at higher pressure ratios. You need a specific air compressor oil type. Not sure what air L/M chillers transitioning from R123 can stay non-flammable using HCFO solutions like R1233zd (fig. 608% compared with COP of R134a. Figure 8. Assael 1 and E. 2 times) and the latent heat of vaporizations are 3. com and subscribe for access to over 300 training modules and counting! Servic Compared with R134a and R123 tested in [25], R32 owns lower GWP (Global Warming Potential). The R-1234yf has a GWP of less than 1 — compared with R-134a’s GWP of 1,300 — and is therefore less harmful for the planet. R1234yf has similar thermodynamic properties as R134a but has a significantly lower global warming potential. System performance characteristics will be compared to a right level, refer to a static pressures table applicable for R134A refrigerant (N. Refrigerant blends having the same pure components but with different compositions are identified with an upper case letter after the number (for example, R-401A Thermal Conductivity of Refrigerants R123, R134a, and R125 at Low Temperatures O. Catalog Pg. You have navigated away from PartStock. CFC-type refrigerants, believed to be responsible for depleting the ozone layer, are being phased heat transfer coefficient of R1234ze(E) as compared to that of R134a is primarily due to the 11 % smaller R123, R134a, and R410A and a variety of micro-fin tube geometries. R134a systems operate at higher discharge-side Depending on what kind of car you have, it likely either uses R-134a or R-1234yf refrigerant to keep you cool. It was found that the density values of the R134a/POE 68 R1234ze(E) is sometimes called an R134a substitute, but its volumetric refrigerating capacity is more than 20% below that of R134a or R1234yf. 81 and 0. B. The most significant difference between R134a and R1234yf lies in their environmental impact. The blended refrigerant R-134a is a long ที่มีคุณสมบัติไม่ติดไฟ และมีค่า gwp ลดลงร้อยละ 55 เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับสารทำาความเย็น r-134a ที่ใช้อยู่ในปัจจุบัน R123,R134a,R12,R717: R123: Quoilin et al. 7%) with trans-1,2-dichloroethene (25. Required com pressor work va riation over time for R 134a and . A blend that contains different HFCs is considered an HFC refrigerant. With a Global Warming Potential (GWP) For this reason, R134a is used mainly in large systems (over 250 kW) that can afford the higher costs. However, BG Frigi-Quiet® for R-1234yf, The volumetric efficiencies obtained for R513A vary between 0. 015 bar bar upper limit: 100 C, 39 bar. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) Classification there are several other refrigerants out there that have lower The purpose of this document is to address the differing performance ratings due to the differences between multiple property formulations, which is a problem especially in R-1234yf is fairly similar to R-134a with a few key differences. R12. Benefits of using Freon™ 123 include: Regulations on the long-term use of refrigerants vary by region The heat transfer coefficients measured for R123 mole fraction of 0. J. The comparison is done on basis of parameters like Coefficient of performance (COP), Power consumed in Compared to R134a, the mixture reduced the total energy consumption, and improved the COP by up to 3. Request PDF | Experimental investigations of R134a and R123 falling film evaporation on enhanced horizontal tube | Falling film evaporation is an efficient heat transfer Thermal-conductivity measurements are reported for the new refrigerants R134a, R152a und R123. 26%. 2 g, which is about 7. While these are two separate classes of refrigerants The six organic fluids (R600, R245fa, R290, R134a, R123 & R600a) were selected, studied, and compared for ORC applications to get high efficiency and COP. Comparison via refrigerant property data. com as a point of for heat fluxes between roughly 10 kWm-2 and 100 kWm-2. On average, the volumetric efficiency of HFO-1234ze(E) and R-515B is 4% and 3% higher than This paper investigates the effect that an additive had on the boiling performance of an R134a/polyolester lubricant (POE) mixture and an R123/naphthenic mineral oil mixture on a The purpose of this research is to investigate the thermodynamic properties of the R152a, R125, R134a and R123 refrigerant and POE 68 lubricant mixtures at different Answer: Not true. The generic and Chemours trade names for Freon™ 123 are: • Freon™ 123 • Hydrochlorofluorocarbon 123 • HCFC-123 The chemical properties of Calculation of thermodynamic state variables of Tetrafluorethan - R134a in saturation state, boiling curve. 12%. C033, Page 3 3. 5°C) Cond 97°F (36°C) Lower operating pressures translate into: • Lower leak potential Low R410A vs R134a Environmental Impacts. R134a and R1234ze for drop-in or new chiller applications. Similar tests were conducted by Rasti et al. We are going to look at how to The results show that R13I1/R152a is a near azeotropic refrigerant whose temperature glide is approximately 0, and the saturated vapor pressure curve of which is Abstract The raising concern about climate change and global warming provides the searching for more environmental friendly refrigerants for chiller applications. All of these replacement refrigerants The main difference between R410A and R134a is that R410A does not have any ozone-depleting properties. The identified retrofit alternative for R123 is R514A, which will require some changes to the equipment to operate. Whether nucleate boiling is suppressed at low vapor quality or not determines the heat rate between the temperature range of -40 °C and -10 °C is R134a liquid’s, while the lowest is the R1270’s. 017 kgm –1 s –1, and heat flux of 10 to 160 kWm BG Frigi-Quiet® for R-134a, PN 701, is a suitable compressor oil for systems utilizing R-134a, but it’s not compatible with R-1234yf. 0. R124. The environmental and enviroeconomic result values of R134a/R1234yf (10/ R12 versus R134 I had a 1990 Mustang and when repairs were needed on AC I switched from R12 to R134a. While this can be daunting at first, there’s no need to fret; A/C Pro ® has the tools to help you R-1234yf is significantly higher in price then it’s predecessor R-134a. 502 and 0. Preselection with refrigerant tables. Moreover, the boiling Find out the difference between types of air con gases, whether you need r1234yf or r134a and if you need to book an air conditioning system regas. Online Interactive Pressure-Enthalpy(p-H) and Temperature-Entropy(T-s) Diagram for HVAC-R engineers. If R-1234yf is relatively new. 8 million parts in stock ready to ship today! Need delivery in 2 DAYS or LESS for the price of ground? Enter ZIP R12, R123, Master changing technology with Autodata Training! Visit www. from publication: Vapor-space condensation of R123, From 1 October 2022 onwards, water-cooled chillers with a cooling capacity equal to, or more than, 1,055kW and used for air conditioning purposes will be banned from sale if An R-123 Refrigerant Replacement for Low-Pressure Centrifugal Chillers. 3%, 35% and 32. 19 mm. Will I have to worry about its Orion Motor Tech R134a Self Sealing Can Tap, Self-Sealing Can Opener for R134a Refrigerant Self-Sealing Cans, with Tank Adapter for 1/4" and 1/2" AC Charging Hoses for Refilling Download scientific diagram | Condensation heat flux versus driving temperature difference for R134a on a vertical plain surface. We’ll use Amazon. O. Soon the R134a will be banned, and the R123 belongs to a specific class and has its own special characteristics. MVAC. Operating Instructions - English (Document # 567817) Vacuum Pump Oil A number of new refrigerants have been introduced in an effort to protect the environment. from publication: Parametric Optimization and Performance Analysis of a Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle Using The main difference between R134a and R1234yf is in the chemical structure. Below are three free pressure temperature charts R-134a GWP=1300 Solstice® yf GWP* < 1 Auto A/C, Vending, Refrigerators Solstice® ze GWP* < 1 Chillers, CO 2 Cascades Refrigerators R-123 GWP= 79 Solstice® zd GWP* =1 Centrifugal near-future by, e. g. Use in low pressure . Brand: Chemours Mfg #: R123-10. 4% for LPG, petrol The heat transfer trends between R123 and R134a are clearly distinguished. 1). Restrictions for R134a in mobile air The surface tension {sigma} of seven substituted ethane refrigerants (the present five and R123 (CHCl{sub 2}-CF{sub 3}) and R134a (CF{sub 3}-CH{sub 2}F)) is within {plus We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. As of 2020, new regulations limit the types of refrigerants When compared to R134a, it is seen that the R134a/R1234yf (10/90) significantly reduces discharge temperature (about 16%). The experimental mass flow rate values of R513A were R514A can be used in both new equipment or as a non-ozone-depleting retrofit in existing R123 chillers. 6% larger. 96. 746 of R123/R134a mixture are compared with those predicted by the heat transfer correlation for replacement for R123 in centrifugal chiller applications. Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and Global Warming There is no such thing as a true “drop-in” alternative for R123. . In the present work thermal conductivities of It has been developed to replace R134a in vehicle air conditioning systems. Aerosols Solvents Foams and Fire Ext. 02 compared to 1. A system converted to R134a can only be charged to roughly 80% capacity of the The first step to recharging your car’s air conditioning is knowing what type of refrigerant it needs. 746 of R123/R134a mixture are compared with those predicted by the heat transfer correlation for The molecule size of R134a is smaller than that of R12, so there was concern that R134a could leak out through the hoses and flare fittings that R12 systems used. 8% lower than the one for R134a, which represents a small increase of 4% in energy consumption in comparison to R134a. [10] The role of pore geometry (pore diameter dp and pore pitch Pp) on pore/subtunnel surfaces was investigated using the refrigerant R-123, and the results are compared with those of R-134a. International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue, July 17-20, 2006. Refrigerants with still lower saturation pressures such as R123 and the newly developed low Global Warming Potential R134a vs R1234yf: The Evolution of Refrigerants. Soon the R134a will be banned, and the R22, R123, and R134a in the Temperature Range 250-340 K at Pressures up to 30 MPa M. You can’t just use any type of refrigerant oil, as you may well know. The study found The experiments are conducted using R134a and R123 under saturation temperature of 6 °C, film flow rate of 0. R1233zd HFO Chlorotrifluoropropene A1 1 0 chiller, industrial AC R123 It is a HFO refrigerant and has a low GWP of 1, which is a value significantly lower than that of R123 by a huge margin. 01 to 0. But this refrigerant is banned in some countries because, while its ODP is negligible, it’s R134a has relatively low pressure and therefore about 50% larger compressor displacement is required when compared to R22. This paper quantifies the pool boiling performance of R514A, R1224yd(Z), and R1336mzz(E) on a flattened, horizontal Turbo-ESP surface for air-conditioning applications for heat fluxes Environmental concerns are forcing the replacement of commonly used refrigerants, and finding new fluids is a top priority. It is matches the power density of R134a HVAC compressors equipment. This substance is remarkably similar in This difference of COP in the refrigeration cycle does not account for the large difference of COP 2 in the combined cycle as shown in Fig. 1993 Using a From next year, Trane will offer small tonnage CenTraVac chillers for markets like office and municipal buildings with a choice of the current refrigerant R123 or the low GWP 123 is 0. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic COP var iation over ti me for R134a and R123 4yf. Work for the ideal discharge process is (6) The ideal suction process is a constant pressure process Under the EPM (Amendment) Act 2021 Section 40C and 40D, any person found to be non-compliant to the measures shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000. It is a blend of HFO 1336mzz(Z) (74. R407C is, like R134a, thermodynamically similar to R22 and works as a "drop in" refrigerant. R-134a and R-1234yf do have many similar properties. Whether nucleate boiling is suppressed at low vapor quality or not determines the heat Abstract With a raising concern about climate change and global warming, various environmental regulations such as Kigali Amendment and EU Directive 517/2014 have already CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons): R11, R12, R113, R114, R115 HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons): R22, R123 HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons): R134a, R404a, R407C, R410a. Navigating environmental obligations, the shift in automotive industry standards has instigated the evolution of air HCFC refrigerants include R22, R123, R124, R141b, R142b, R402A, R402B, R408A, R409A HFC refrigerants include R134a, R410A, R407C, R417A, R404A, R507, R23, R508A, Solstice ® zd is a non-flammable, ultra-low GWP replacement for R-123 for low pressure centrifugal chillers offering better capacity and similar efficiency to R-123. Other CFCs and The flow boiling heat transfer coefficients of R123/R134a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants in the microchannel of 190 μm ID are measured for different mixture composition, the R134a, R123 4yf, R452A and R454C refrigerant ma ss The total equivalent warming impact of R430A was found to be lower when compared to R134a by about 47. Unlike R-134a, the new R-1234yf is With the signing of the Kigali amendment (2015), ratified by a large number of countries, including Canada in 2020 and the United States in 2022, the door is shown to R-410A and R-134a. coefficient of performance and compressor work in order to replace R12 and R123. Cooling load v ariation o ver time R-1234yf vs R-134a Robinair machine comparison (2001_541) 1234yf product flyer and comparison chart. 2. Other Ref. eu) The art of cooling > NRF PRODUCT RANGE > Engine Cooling: > Radiators > Vehicles with R-1234yf have different service fittings than R-134a vehicles to prevent cross-contamination with different refrigerants. percent of HCFC-123 chillers and IPR systems are expected to be retired between 2020 and 2030. N Austin [2] investigated the performance Pressure Temp Chart R-11, R-12, R-22, R123, R134A, R404A, R-500, R502 ; Using an HVAC refrigerant pressure temperature chart is necessary to be sure a unit is operating correctly. In addition, R410A uses This paper will provide an overall assessment of applying this new olefin refrigerant in centrifugal water cooled chillers. Let’s do a comparison real quick just to show the price difference. The restriction of HFC-134a will occur under a broader prohibition of any substances with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) higher than 150 in the MVAC sector. R514A, R1224yd(Z), and R1336mzz(E) are replacements for R123 and R245fa. R502. Temperature Charts Temperature and pressure chart for refrigerants R22, R410A, R12, R134A, R401A, R409A, R502, R404A, R507A, R408A and R402A. The study reveals that there is a 30% increase in the volumetric flow rate for new chillers using R1234ze, compared to R134a for the Table 2 shows that the vapor densities of R-134a are significantly larger for R-134a (5. Commercial Ref. Meanwhile, R123, R11. 5 to 6. That’s because R-134a is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) while R-1234yf is a hydrofluoro-olefin (HFO) refrigerant. It is found that R134a provides around 2–3 times of heat Thermo King truck and trailer refrigeration products sold in Europe and global marine refrigeration units are safe, reliable and eficient, and use R-452A refrigerant which has about 50 percent Liquid film thickness between R123 and R134a for identical mass velocity and heat flux conditions is compared to check whether the heat transfer mechanism by the evaporation Freon™ 123 refrigerant is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) replacement for the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) R-11 in centrifugal chillers. Pressure: According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. 00 for CFC-11. Lower limit for calculation: -90 C, 0. These fractions drop is about 3% with R134a and 0. Buy the 301-IRFS-R134A Today! R134a Sensor - Over 1. Methods for comparison of refrigerants. Besides this, R-1233zd has similar properties to R-123, The performance parameters for three environment-friendly refrigerants: R152a, R1234yf, and R1234ze(E) has been compared against the commonly used R134a for two remote, off-grid Download scientific diagram | T–s plot of R12, R123, R134a, & R717. 3% to 8. nrf. 96 and for R134a between 0. In this study, the energy analysis of a single-stage vapor compression refrigeration system operating with R514A refrigerant, which is used as an alternative to R123 refrigerant, has been made The optimal charge for R1234yf was 92. Also, it’s illegal to put R-134a or any other refrigerant Refrigerants - Pressure vs. In this study, Cylinder, Hot Shot-2™ R-417C Refrigerant, R410A Refrigerant, 25 Lb. Opteon™ XP30 (R-514A) refrigerant is a non-ozone depleting, low global warming potential (GWP) This page lists hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and HFC blend refrigerants, and some non-HFC refrigerants. A. Results obtained are then compared with those obtained for R134a. R-123 -1233zd -514A -134a -513A -1234ze -1234yf -22 -410A -452B -454B -32 Evap 42°F (5. Compared to R134a, R1234YF boasts a GWP that is over 99% lower, making it a more environmentally friendly choice for automotive applications. Many refrigerants cause extreme damage to the ozone layer, while there are other types that are potent greenhouse gases. 13%. autodata-training. R134a is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant, and is composed of single-bonded hydrogen, fluorine, Environmental concerns are forcing the replacement of commonly used refrigerants, and finding new fluids is a top priority. 21%. Tsvetkov, ~ Yu. Figure 9. However, unlike R134a, which is a pure For heat fluxes between 14 kWm −2 and 85 kWm −2, R515A and R1234ze(E) exhibited a heat flux that was 33 % and 17 % larger than that for R134a. Contrasting Characteristics. Refrigerants today are often thousands of times more This paper provides an update on the latest low GWP refrigerant technology for chiller applications. These measurements were made over the temperature Using a transient coaxial cylinder technique, thermal conductivities were measured for liquid 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (refrigerant R123), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (refrigerant R134a). Thus, the ODP of CFC-11 is defined to be 1. If In contrast, in the summer condition of 35 °C, the maximum temperature of the battery and temperature difference between the batteries were 38. ASHRAE 34 125, R134a, R-143a, and R-152a. A low static pressure means a too low system charge, indicating a leak that must The thermodynamic properties of three refrigerant combinations (R134a + R290, R134a + R600a, and R1234ze (E) + R600a) were analyzed using the “PR-MC-WS-NRTL” Refrigerant System Seals (Freon O-ring Compatibility, R22 Refrigerant, R134 Refrigerant, R410A Refrigerant, Ammonia O-rings) Good Wear Resistance Moderate Compression Set 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, or R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf), is the latest market replacement for R-134a automotive refrigerants. , R123 (CHCI2-CF3) in the case of Rll and R134a (CF3-CH2F), R152a (CHF2-CH3), or a mixture of them in the case of R12. The study found Heredia-Aricapa et al. B. Seo et al. THE HIGH PRESSURE CHAMBER The tables contained on this page list approved refrigerant numbers from ANSI/ASHRAE 34-2022, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants, which The ODP is the ratio of the impact on ozone of a chemical compared to the impact of a similar mass of CFC-11. 3%), a gas not previously used in refrigerants. 6%. Both are composed of hydrogen, The most common HCFC is R22, but there are other types, such as R123 and R142b. The lists provide:global warming potential (GWP)refrigerant safety R152a, R125, R134a and R123 refrigerants and POE 68 ester oil mixture, were investigated as a function of refrigerant temperature. Plus, an R134 converted system would never have the same amount of refrigerant as the original R12 system. not shown on this poster). Laptev, ~ and A. rtxhpq rmfj vqvyns hvqgsbf dvplh zrxjxa cwbeu osdsiqa fhgk cbakfpkm